Historical settlements and the legacy of statesmanship: Reflecting on the Crown-Māori relationship

The foundational importance of historical Treaty settlements continues to serve as a benchmark for New Zealand’s political landscape. In an abridged chapter from the Helen Clark Foundation publication, 'Facing Up to Our Future: Challenges and Choices for New Zealand', former Attorney-General Christopher Finlayson KC highlights the significant milestones achieved through principled leadership and a commitment to healing past grievances. Finlayson recalls the pivotal contributions of former Prime Minister Jim Bolger, particularly his refusal to use race for political gain. This stance paved the way for landmark agreements that have shaped modern Aotearoa. Significant achievements noted include the signing of the Sealord deal on September 23, 1992, and the Tainui settlement on May 22, 1995. These agreements represented major steps forward in recognizing Māori rights and fostering national unity. The reflections also highlight the Ngāi Tahu settlement, signed in Kaikōura on November 21, 1997. Finlayson, who was part of the Ngāi Tahu team, describes the pride involved in that final official function of the Bolger administration. The signing of the deed of settlement with Sir Tipene O’Regan remains a testament to what can be achieved when the Crown approaches te tiriti obligations with courage and long-term vision. However, Finlayson notes that maintaining this progress requires constant vigilance. He points to the widespread acceptance of te reo Māori in everyday life—with words like kai and whare used commonly—as a positive cultural evolution. He emphasizes that the strength of the country relies on leaders who prioritize the enduring health of the Crown-Māori relationship over short-term political considerations. By reflecting on these successful settlements, Finlayson argues for a return to statesmanship that respects established Treaty principles and the hard-won progress of previous generations.